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France on the back foot in Africa after Chadian snub

French soldiers stand at attention during a morning drill at the French military base in Chadian capital N'Djamena in 2014. (Reuters/File)
French soldiers stand at attention during a morning drill at the French military base in Chadian capital N'Djamena in 2014. (Reuters/File)
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Updated 30 November 2024

France on the back foot in Africa after Chadian snub

French soldiers stand at attention during a morning drill at the French military base in Chadian capital N'Djamena in 2014. (Reu
  • Chad abruptly ended its defense cooperation pact with France
  • Experts say that without Chad, French army will struggle to run other Africa operations

NAIROBI/GENEVA: A French plan to significantly reduce its military presence in West and central Africa risks backfiring and further diminishing the former colonial power’s influence in the region at a time when Russia is gaining ground.
A French envoy to President Emmanuel Macron this week handed in a report with proposals on how France could reduce its military presence in Chad, Gabon and Ivory Coast, where it has deployed troops for decades.
Details of the report have not been made public but two sources said the plan is to cut the number of troops to 600 from around 2,200 now. The sources said Chad would keep the largest contingent with 300 French troops, down from 1,000. However, in a surprise move that caught French officials on the hop, the government of Chad — a key Western ally in the fight against Islamist militants in the region — on Thursday abruptly ended its defense cooperation pact with France. That could lead to French troops leaving the central African country altogether.
“For France it is the start of the end of their security engagement in central and Western Africa,” said Ulf Laessing, director of the Sahel Programme at the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in Mali.
“Chad was the aircraft carrier of the French army, its logistical headquarters. If Chad doesn’t exist, the French army will have a huge problem to keep running its other operations.”
In a further blow to France, Senegalese President Bassirou Diomaye Faye told French state TV on Thursday it was inappropriate for French troops to maintain a presence in his country, where 350 French soldiers are currently based. France has already pulled its soldiers out from Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger, following military coups in those West African countries and spreading anti-French sentiment. Paris is also shifting more attention to Europe with the war in Ukraine and increasing budgetary constraints, diplomats said.
The review envisions the remaining French soldiers in the region focusing on training, intelligence exchange and responding to requests from countries for help, depending on their needs, the sources said. Chad’s move to end the cooperation deal had not been discussed with Paris and shocked the French, according to the two sources and other officials. France, which wants to keep a presence in Chad in part because of its work to help ease one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises unfolding now in neighboring Sudan, responded only 24 hours after Chad made its announcement.
“France takes note and intends to continue the dialogue to implement these orientations,” the foreign ministry said in a statement.
One of the two sources, a French official with knowledge of Chadian affairs, said Chad’s government appeared to have seen the French decision to more than halve its military presence there as a snub. Chad also felt the French would no longer be in a position to guarantee the security of the military regime led by President Mahamat Idriss Deby, this source said.
Macron had backed Deby despite criticism since Deby seized power following the death of his father, who ruled Chad for 30 years until he was killed in 2021 during an incursion by rebels. Deby won an election held this year.
In its statement on Thursday evening, released hours after the French foreign minister had visited the Sudanese border in eastern Chad with his counterpart, Chad’s foreign ministry said N’djamena wanted to fully assert its sovereignty after more than six decades of independence from France. It said the decision should in no way undermine the friendly relations between the two countries. Earlier this year, a small contingent of US special forces left Chad amid a review of US cooperation with the country.
The French drawdown, coupled with a US pullback from Africa, contrasts with the increasing influence of Russia and other countries, including Turkiye and the United Arab Emirates, on the continent. Russian mercenaries are helping prop up the military governments of Niger, Mali and Burkina Faso, and are also fighting alongside them against Islamist militants. However, French officials and other sources played down Russia’s ability to take advantage of the French setback in Chad, at least in the short term. The French source familiar with Chadian affairs noted that Russia and Chad back rival factions in Sudan’s war. Russia also has major military commitments in Syria and the war in Ukraine.


UN warns of civilian fight for survival in Ukraine

Updated 5 sec ago

UN warns of civilian fight for survival in Ukraine

UN warns of civilian fight for survival in Ukraine
Schmale said this year had been deadlier for civilians than 2024, with a 30-percent increase in casualties
He said increased attacks on frontline areas had seen more than 57,000 evacuees seek aid at transit sites

GENEVA: Civilian life on the frontlines in Ukraine is becoming a battle for survival, with attacks on energy infrastructure threatening to spark a major winter crisis, the United Nations warned Friday.
Matthias Schmale, the UN’s humanitarian coordinator in Ukraine, said civilians were increasingly bearing the brunt with the approach of the fourth winter since Russia launched its full-scale invasion in February 2022.
Schmale said this year had been deadlier for civilians than 2024, with a 30-percent increase in casualties.
Notably, a third of all recorded civilian deaths and injuries in 2025 were caused by drone attacks.
“This is increasingly a technological war: a drone war,” he told reporters in Geneva.
He said increased attacks on frontline areas had seen more than 57,000 evacuees seek aid at transit sites, while markets close to the front lines were becoming “increasingly dysfunctional.”
“Apart from the terror of war, the sirens, the attacks, it’s also increasingly a fight for survival,” with limited access to basic goods, he said.

- Energy attacks -

Schmale voiced concerns for people who were preparing for another winter in frontline cities, warning they could find themselves stuck in high-rise buildings, cut off from water and electricity, due to Russian attacks on civilian infrastructure.
“Destroying energy production and distribution capacity as winter starts clearly impacts the civilian population and is a form of terror,” he said.
If the rate of repairs does not keep pace with the rate of destruction, “that could turn into a major crisis,” he said.
“There is no way that with the available resources we would be able to respond to a major crisis within a crisis.”
The UN’s winter response plan, which aims to provide more than 1.7 million people with aid including heating and cash assistance to help families through the cold months, is just 50 percent funded.

- ‘Protracted war’ -

US President Donald Trump’s efforts to end the war have yielded no progress and Russian President Vladimir Putin has rejected multiple calls for a ceasefire.
“Our basic planning assumption for 2026 is the war is continuing,” Schmale said, and “we’re sadly, dramatically, in this for the longer haul.”
“This feels increasingly like this is a protracted war,” he said.
“Right now on the ground it doesn’t feel at all like it’s ending any time soon.”
Schmale said he was “amazed by the resilience of people,” but warned: “let’s not romanticize resilience,” with civilians growing increasingly conflict-weary.
“The mental health impact of this war is increasing,” he said, fearing that Ukraine will have to “deal with that for at least a generation, if not several.”

Ukraine destroyed one Oreshnik missile in Russia in summer 2023, SBU says

Ukraine destroyed one Oreshnik missile in Russia in summer 2023, SBU says
Updated 31 October 2025

Ukraine destroyed one Oreshnik missile in Russia in summer 2023, SBU says

Ukraine destroyed one Oreshnik missile in Russia in summer 2023, SBU says
  • Russia first used the Oreshnik missile against Ukraine in November 2024
  • “We can say briefly and concisely that one of the three Oreshniks was successfully destroyed” Maliuk said

KYIV: Ukraine destroyed one of Russia’s intermediate-range Oreshnik missiles in a special operation in summer 2023, the head of the SBU security service said on Friday.
Vasyl Maliuk told reporters the operation was carried out jointly by SBU, GUR military intelligence, and foreign intelligence, adding that it was “100 percent successful.”
Reuters was unable to independently verify the report.
Russia first used the Oreshnik — hazel tree in Russian — missile against Ukraine in November 2024, targeting a defense enterprise in Dnipro, more than a year after Kyiv’s purported destruction of one of the missiles.
“We can say briefly and concisely that one of the three Oreshniks was successfully destroyed on their (Russian) territory at Kapustin Yar...,” Maliuk said during a briefing chaired by President Volodymyr Zelensky and also attended by Ukraine’s foreign minister, the head of foreign intelligence and other officials.
Maliuk gave no details of how the operation was conducted.
Ukraine’s intelligence officials said Russia produced three Oreshniks this year and planned to double annual production to six.
Zelensky said 25 companies were involved in Oreshnik production and urged Ukraine’s Western partners to impose sanctions on them.
Russian President Vladimir Putin has said the Oreshnik is impossible to intercept and has destructive power comparable to a nuclear weapon, though Western experts have questioned these assertions. Putin said in June Russia was stepping up production but gave no details.
Oreshnik missiles featured in joint Russian-Belarusian military exercises last month.
This week Belarus, a key ally of Russia, confirmed it would deploy the Oreshnik missile system on its territory, which borders Ukraine, in December.


France’s call for Goma airport to reopen ‘inopportune’: M23 group

France’s call for Goma airport to reopen ‘inopportune’: M23 group
Updated 31 October 2025

France’s call for Goma airport to reopen ‘inopportune’: M23 group

France’s call for Goma airport to reopen ‘inopportune’: M23 group
  • President Emmanuel Macron said the key airport would open “in the coming weeks” for humanitarian flights
  • Goma airport was the scene of fierce fighting during the city’s capture in January and has since remained closed

GOMA, DR Congo: The M23 armed group, which controls large parts of eastern DR Congo, on Friday described a call by the French president to reopen Goma airport as “inopportune.”
President Emmanuel Macron said the key airport would open “in the coming weeks” for humanitarian flights, during an international conference on Thursday on the crisis in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
The region — bordering Rwanda with abundant natural resources but plagued by non-state armed groups — has suffered extreme violence for more than three decades.
The crisis intensified with the 2021 resurgence of the M23 — a Rwandan-backed armed group fighting the Kinshasa authorities — and came to a head early this year when the militia seized the key cities of Goma and Bukavu.
Goma airport was the scene of fierce fighting during the city’s capture in January and has since remained closed.
The M23, which was not invited to the Paris conference on supporting peace and prosperity in the Great Lakes region, “considers inopportune France’s call for the reopening” of Goma airport, spokesman Lawrence Kanyuka said in a statement.
“Such an initiative must only be undertaken within the framework of negotiations currently under way in Doha under Qatari mediation,” he added.
The Congolese government and the M23 signed a declaration of principles on July 19 in Qatar that included a “permanent ceasefire” aimed at halting the conflict.
It followed a separate US-brokered peace deal between the Congolese and Rwandan governments signed in Washington in June.
However, efforts to end the conflict have proved slow to take effect on the ground.
Rwandan Foreign Minister Olivier Nduhungirehe has also expressed doubts.
“Paris cannot reopen an airport, as the primary stakeholders are absent,” he said on Thursday, referring to the M23 group.
Humanitarian officials have voiced doubts, too, about a possible reopening and underlined that the land route remains essential for delivering aid to areas under M23 control.
The M23 said in its statement that there was “no longer a humanitarian emergency” in areas under its control.
After seizing Goma, the M23 ordered displaced people living on the outskirts of the city to return home and in a few days emptied makeshift camps where hundreds of thousands had been living in dire conditions.
The Paris conference raised more than 1.5 billion euros ($1.7 billion) in international aid for the region, Macron announced.


‘Hundreds dead’ in Tanzania post-election violence, says opposition

‘Hundreds dead’ in Tanzania post-election violence, says opposition
Updated 31 October 2025

‘Hundreds dead’ in Tanzania post-election violence, says opposition

‘Hundreds dead’ in Tanzania post-election violence, says opposition
  • The main opposition party, Chadema, said clashes continued between protesters and security forces in the commercial hub on Friday
  • “As we speak the figure for deaths in Dar (es Salaam) is around 350 and for Mwanza it is 200-plus,” Chadema spokesman said

NAIROBI: Around 700 people have been killed in three days of election protests in Tanzania, the main opposition party said Friday, with protesters still on the streets in the midst of an Internet blackout.
President Samia Suluhu Hassan had sought to cement her position and silence critics in her party with an emphatic win in Wednesday’s election, in which her main challengers were either jailed or barred from standing.
But the vote descended into chaos as crowds took to the streets of Dar es Salaam and other cities, tearing down her posters and attacking police and polling stations, leading to an Internet shutdown and curfew.
With foreign journalists largely banned from covering the election and a communications blackout entering its third day, information from the ground has been scarce.
The main opposition party, Chadema, said clashes continued between protesters and security forces in the commercial hub on Friday.
“As we speak the figure for deaths in Dar (es Salaam) is around 350 and for Mwanza it is 200-plus. Added to figures from other places around the country, the overall figure is around 700,” Chadema spokesman John Kitoka told AFP.
“The death toll could be much higher,” he warned, saying killings could be happening during the nighttime curfew.
A security source told AFP they were hearing reports of more than 500 dead, “maybe 700-800 in the whole country.”
“We are talking hundreds of deaths,” a diplomatic source told AFP.
The United Nations said “credible reports” indicated 10 dead, in the first information released by an international body, while Amnesty International said it had information of at least 100 killed.
Multiple hospitals and health clinics were too afraid to talk directly to AFP.
Hassan had yet to comment on the unrest and local news sites had not been updated since Wednesday.
The only official statement came from army chief Jacob Mkunda late Thursday who called the protesters “criminals.”
In Zanzibar, a tourist hotspot with its own semi-autonomous government, a spokesman for Hassan’s Revolution Party (Chama Cha Mapinduzi: CCM) said the Internet would return when the situation calmed.
“The government knows why they have shut the Internet. There are people who have tried creating tension in Dar es Salaam and they have destroyed a lot of things,” spokesman Hamis Mbeto told reporters.

- Zanzibar ‘robbed’ -

In Zanzibar, the CCM had already been declared winner of the local vote on Thursday.
The opposition party, ACT-Wazalendo, rejected the result, saying: “They have robbed the people of Zanzibar of their voice... The only solution to deliver justice is through a fresh election.”
A senior party official told AFP that ballot boxes had been stuffed, people allowed to vote multiple times without ID and their election observers kicked out of counting rooms.
At a meeting place for opposition supporters on Zanzibar, there was dismay and fear.
“There has never been a credible election since 1995,” said a 70-year-old man, referring to Tanzania’s first multi-party vote.
None of those interviewed gave their names.
“We are afraid of speaking because they might come to our houses and pick us up,” said one.

- Crackdown -

Hassan has faced opposition from parts of the army and allies of her iron-fisted predecessor, John Magufuli, since she took over upon his death in 2021, analysts say.
They said she wanted an emphatic victory to cement her position, and the authorities banned the main opposition party, Chadema, and put its leader on trial for treason.
In the run-up to the vote, rights groups condemned a “wave of terror” in the east African nation, including a string of high-profile abductions that escalated in the final days.
Much public anger has been directed at Hassan’s son, Abdul Halim Hafidh Ameir, accused of overseeing the crackdown.
ACT-Wazalendo was allowed to contest the local election in Zanzibar, but its candidate was barred from competing against Hassan on the mainland.


Advocates allege ‘inhumane’ conditions at Chicago-area ICE facility in new lawsuit

Advocates allege ‘inhumane’ conditions at Chicago-area ICE facility in new lawsuit
Updated 31 October 2025

Advocates allege ‘inhumane’ conditions at Chicago-area ICE facility in new lawsuit

Advocates allege ‘inhumane’ conditions at Chicago-area ICE facility in new lawsuit
  • Agents have also allegedly coerced people held at the processing center to sign paperwork they don’t understand
  • Lawyers and relatives of people held at the facility have called it a de facto detention center

CHICAGO: Illinois advocates sued federal authorities Friday over alleged “inhumane and torturous” conditions at a Chicago-area federal immigration facility.
Attorneys with the ACLU of Illinois and the MacArthur Justice Center say US Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents have denied people being held at the Broadview facility private calls with attorneys and have blocked members of Congress, faith leaders and journalists from entering the building, creating a “black box” they say has allowed authorities to act “with impunity.”
Agents have also allegedly coerced people held at the processing center to sign paperwork they don’t understand, leading them to unknowingly relinquish their rights and face deportation, according to the lawsuit.
Representatives of ICE and The Department of Homeland Security did not immediately respond to emails seeking comment Friday.
Alexa Van Brunt, director of the MacArthur Justice Center’s Illinois office and lead attorney for the lawsuit, said community members are “being kidnapped off the streets, packed in hold cells, denied food, medical care, and basic necessities, and forced to sign away their legal rights.”
“Everyone, no matter their legal status, has the right to access counsel and to not be subject to horrific and inhumane conditions,” she said.
Attorneys accuse ICE, DHS and US Customs and Border Protection of violating detainees’ Fifth Amendment right to due process and First Amendment right to legal counsel, and have asked the court to force the agencies to improve the facility’s conditions.
Advocates have for months raised concerns about conditions at the facility, which has drawn scrutiny from members of Congress, political candidates and activist groups.
Lawyers and relatives of people held at the facility have called it a de facto detention center, where up to 200 people have been held at a time without access to legal counsel.
DHS previously dismissed the claims, saying those held at the facility have proper meals, medical treatment and access to communication with family members and lawyers.
The Broadview center has also drawn demonstrations, which have led to the arrests of numerous protesters. The protests are at the center of a separate lawsuit from a coalition of news outlets and protesters who claim federal agents violated their First Amendment rights by repeatedly using tear gas and other weapons on them.
US District Judge Sara Ellis sided with the coalition earlier this month, requiring federal agents in the Chicago area to wear badges and banning them from using certain riot control techniques against peaceful protesters and journalists. Later, Ellis also required body cameras for agents who have them after raising concerns about her initial order not being followed.