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Great Barrier Reef records largest annual coral loss in 39 years

Great Barrier Reef records largest annual coral loss in 39 years
Because of record global heat in 2023 and 2024, the world is still going through its biggest — and fourth ever recorded — mass coral bleaching event on record. (FILE/AFP)
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Updated 26 sec ago

Great Barrier Reef records largest annual coral loss in 39 years

Great Barrier Reef records largest annual coral loss in 39 years
  • Australian authorities say the Great Barrier Reef has experienced its greatest annual loss of live coral in four decades
  • But due to increasing coral cover since 2017, the coral deaths — caused mainly by bleaching last year associated with climate change — have left the area of living coral across the iconic reef system close to its long-term average

MELBOURNE: The Great Barrier Reef has experienced its greatest annual loss of live coral across most of its expanse in four decades of record-keeping, Australian authorities say.
But due to increasing coral cover since 2017, the coral deaths — caused mainly by bleaching last year associated with climate change — have left the area of living coral across the iconic reef system close to its long-term average, the Australian Institute of Marine Science said in its annual survey on Wednesday.
The change underscores a new level of volatility on the UNESCO World Heritage Site, the report said.
Mike Emslie, who heads the tropical marine research agency’s long-term monitoring program, said the live coral cover measured in 2024 was the largest recorded in 39 years of surveys.
The losses from such a high base of coral cover had partially cushioned the serious climate impacts on the world’s largest reef ecosystem, which covers 344,000 square kilometers (133,000 square miles) off the northeast Australian coast, he said.
“These are substantial impacts and evidence that the increasing frequency of coral bleaching is really starting to have detrimental effects on the Great Barrier Reef,” Emslie said on Thursday.
“While there’s still a lot of coral cover out there, these are record declines that we have seen in any one year of monitoring,” he added.
Emslie’s agency divides the Great Barrier Reef, which extends 1,500 kilometers (900 miles) along the Queensland state coast, into three similarly-sized regions: northern, central and southern.
Living coral cover shrunk by almost a third in the south in a year, a quarter in the north and by 14 percent in the central region, the report said.
Because of record global heat in 2023 and 2024, the world is still going through its biggest — and fourth ever recorded — mass coral bleaching event on record, with heat stress hurting nearly 84 percent of the world’s coral reef area, including the Great Barrier Reef, according to the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s coral reef watch. So far at least 83 countries have been impacted.
This bleaching event started in January 2023 and was declared a global crisis in April 2024. It easily eclipsed the previous biggest global coral bleaching event, from 2014 to 2017, when 68.2 percent had bleaching from heat stress.
Large areas around Australia — but not the Great Barrier Reef — hit the maximum or near maximum of bleaching alert status during this latest event. Australia in March this year started aerial surveys of 281 reefs across the Torres Strait and the entire northern Great Barrier Reef and found widespread coral bleaching. Of the 281 reefs, 78 were more than 30 percent bleached.
Coral has a hard time thriving and at times even surviving in prolonged hot water. They can survive short bursts, but once certain thresholds of weeks and high temperatures are passed, the coral is bleached, which means it turns white because it expels the algae that live in the tissue and give them their colors. Bleached corals are not dead, but they are weaker and more vulnerable to disease.
Coral reefs often bounce back from these mass global bleaching events, but often they are not as strong as they were before.
Coral reefs are considered a “unique and threatened system” due to climate change and are especially vulnerable to global warming beyond 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) since pre-industrial times, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change proclaimed in 2018. The world has now warmed 1.3 degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times. That report said “tropical corals may be even more vulnerable to climate change than indicated in assessments made in 2014.”
The report said back-to-back big bleaching events at the Great Barrier Reef in the mid 2010s “suggest that the research community may have underestimated climate risks for coral reefs.”
“Warm water (tropical) coral reefs are projected to reach a very high risk of impact at 1.2°C, with most available evidence suggesting that coral-dominated ecosystems will be non-existent at this temperature or higher. At this point, coral abundance will be near zero at many locations,” the report said.


Ukraine’s funeral workers bearing the burden of war

Updated 7 sec ago

Ukraine’s funeral workers bearing the burden of war

Ukraine’s funeral workers bearing the burden of war
SUMY: At a funeral home in the northeastern Ukrainian city of Sumy, Svitlana Ostapenko paced around as she prepared the dead for their final journey.
After five years of working in the funeral home, she was used to seeing dead bodies, but the growing number of dead — including young people from Russia’s invasion — was starting to overwhelm even her.
“Death doesn’t discriminate between young and old,” the funeral director told AFP, breaking down in tears.
Ukraine’s funeral workers, who are living through the war themselves and have been repeatedly exposed to violent death throughout Russia’s invasion launched in early 2022, are shouldering a mounting emotional toll while supporting grieving families.
What’s more, Ostapenko’s hometown of Sumy near the Russian border, has come under bombardment throughout the invasion but advancing Russian troops have brought the fighting to as close as 20 kilometers (12 miles) away.
Every day, Ostapenko lays the region’s dead in coffins.
“One way or another, I’m getting by. I take sedatives, that’s all,” the 59-year-old said.
There has been no shortage of work.
On April 13, a double Russian ballistic missile strike on the city killed 35 people and wounded dozens of others.
Residents pass without giving a second thought to the facades of historic buildings that were pockmarked by missile fragments.
“We buried families, a mother and her daughter, a young woman of 33 who had two children,” said Ostapenko.
During attacks at night, she said she takes refuge in her hallway — her phone in hand in case her services are needed.


Every day, the Ukrainian regional authorities compile reports on Russian strikes in a war that has claimed tens of thousands of lives.
Petro Bondar, Svitlana’s colleague, said he noted the names of the victims in his notebook to “understand how much grief these bombings cause.”
“They’re not just numbers,” he told AFP.
“They were living people, souls.”
Igor Kruzo knew them only too well.
His job is to immortalize their names in granite tombstones, along with portraits he paints stroke by stroke.
The 60-year-old artist and veteran said he found it difficult to live with the faces he has rendered for gravestones.
Soldiers, civilians, children, “all local people,” he said.
“When you paint them, you observe their image, each with their own destiny,” he said, never speaking of himself in the first person, avoiding eye contact.
At the cemetery, bereaved families told him about the deaths of their loved ones.
“They need to be heard.”
The conversations helped him cope psychologically, he said.
“But it all cuts you to the bone,” he added.
He used to paint elderly people, but found himself rejuvenating their features under his brush.
He remembered a mother who was killed protecting her child with her body at the beginning of the war. “A beautiful woman, full of life,” whom he knew, he said.
“And you find yourself there, having to engrave her image.”
In recent months, his work had taken an increasingly heavier toll.
In the new wing of the cemetery reserved for soldiers, a sea of yellow and blue flags was nestled among the gravestones.
Enveloped by pine trees, workers bustled around a dozen newly dug holes, ready to welcome young combatants.


In February, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky announced that 46,000 Ukrainian soldiers had been killed since 2022, and “tens of thousands” more were missing or in captivity — a figure that observers believed to be an underestimate.
Russia has not published its combat losses, but a tally by the independent newspaper Meduza and the BBC estimates the military death toll at more than 119,000.
“The dead appear in my dreams,” Kruzo said.
He said he saw soldiers crying over graves, or his daughter’s friends lying lifeless in the cemetery aisle.
“For the past three years, all my dreams have been about the war. All of them.”
Ironically, he said he was drowning himself in work because “it’s easier.”
He said he had never broken down, that he was tough man who served in the Soviet army, but that he was living in a “kind of numbness.”
“I don’t want to get depressed,” he said, taking a drag on his cigarette.
Behind him, a young, pregnant woman fixed her eyes on the portrait of a soldier smiling at her from the marble slab set in the earth.

A roadside bomb targeting police vehicle in northwest Pakistan kills 2 officers and wounds 14

A roadside bomb targeting police vehicle in northwest Pakistan kills 2 officers and wounds 14
Updated 49 min 48 sec ago

A roadside bomb targeting police vehicle in northwest Pakistan kills 2 officers and wounds 14

A roadside bomb targeting police vehicle in northwest Pakistan kills 2 officers and wounds 14
  • Police in Pakistan say a roadside bomb struck a police vehicle in a former stronghold of the Pakistani Taliban in the restive northwest bordering Afghanistan

PESHAWAR: A powerful roadside bomb struck a police vehicle in a former stronghold of the Pakistani Taliban in the restive northwest of Pakistan bordering Afghanistan on Wednesday, killing at least two officers and wounding 14 others, mostly passersby, officials said.
The attack took place in the city of Wana in South Waziristan, a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, according to local police chief Adam Khan.
Militant violence has surged in recent weeks, claiming the lives of dozens of security personnel.
Pakistan is also preparing for a military operation in Bajur, another northwestern district, where elders are in talks with the government and insurgents to avoid violence. Previous such operations years ago displaced thousands of residents.
No group immediately claimed responsibility for the attack on police, but suspicion is likely to fall on the Pakistani Taliban, or Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan, known as TTP. The group frequently targets security forces and civilians across the region.
TTP is a close ally of the Afghan Taliban, who returned to power in neighboring Afghanistan in August 2021 following the withdrawal of US and NATO forces after two decades of war.
Since then, many TTP fighters and leaders have found refuge in Afghanistan, with some living openly under Taliban rule — a development that has emboldened the group in Pakistan.


Indonesia readies island medical facility for 2,000 wounded Gazans

Indonesia readies island medical facility for 2,000 wounded Gazans
Updated 07 August 2025

Indonesia readies island medical facility for 2,000 wounded Gazans

Indonesia readies island medical facility for 2,000 wounded Gazans
  • Indonesia will convert a medical facility on its currently uninhabited island of Galang to treat about 2,000 wounded residents of Gaza, who will return home after recovery

JAKARTA: Indonesia will convert a medical facility on its currently uninhabited island of Galang to treat about 2,000 wounded residents of Gaza, who will return home after recovery, a presidential spokesperson said on Thursday.
Muslim-majority Indonesia has sent humanitarian aid to Gaza after Israel started an offensive in October 2023 that Gaza health officials say has killed more than 60,000 Palestinians, whether fighters or non-combatants.
“Indonesia will give medical help for about 2,000 Gaza residents who became victims of war, those who are wounded, buried under debris,” the spokesperson, Hasan Nasbi, told reporters, adding that the exercise was not an evacuation.
Indonesia plans to allocate the facility on Galang island, off its island of Sumatra and south of Singapore, to treat wounded Gaza residents and temporarily shelter their families, he said, adding that nobody lived around it now.
The patients would be taken back to Gaza after they had healed, he said.
Hasan did not give a timeframe or further details, referring questions to Indonesia’s foreign and defense ministries, which did not immediately respond to Reuters’ requests for comment.
The plan comes months after President Prabowo Subianto’s offer to shelter wounded Palestinians drew criticism from Indonesia’s top clerics for seeming too close to US President Donald Trump’s suggestion of permanently moving Palestinians out of Gaza.
In response to Trump’s suggestion, the foreign ministry of Indonesia, which backs a two-state solution to resolve the Middle East crisis, said at the time it “strongly rejects any attempt to forcibly displace Palestinians.”
A hospital to treat victims of the COVID-19 pandemic opened in 2020 on Galang, which had been until 1996 a sprawling refugee camp run by the United Nations, housing 250,000 of those who fled the Vietnam War.


Trump says likely to meet Putin ‘very soon’

Trump says likely to meet Putin ‘very soon’
Updated 25 min 5 sec ago

Trump says likely to meet Putin ‘very soon’

Trump says likely to meet Putin ‘very soon’

WASHINGTON: Donald Trump said he could meet with Vladimir Putin “very soon,” following what the US president described as highly productive talks in Moscow between his special envoy and the Russian leader.
The potential summit was discussed in a call between Trump and Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelensky that, according to a senior source in Kyiv, included NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte and the leaders of Britain, Germany and Finland.
“There’s a good chance that there will be a meeting very soon,” Trump told reporters Wednesday at the White House, when asked when he would meet the Ukrainian and Russian leaders.
He gave no indication where the meeting with Putin might take place. It would be the first US-Russia leadership summit since former president Joe Biden met with his counterpart in Geneva in June 2021.
The New York Times and CNN, citing people familiar with the plan, said Trump plans to sit down with Putin as early as next week, and then wants a three-way meeting with the Russian leader and Zelensky.
“It seems that Russia is now more inclined to agree to a ceasefire; the pressure on them is working. But the main thing is that they do not deceive us or the United States in the details,” Zelensky said on Wednesday evening.
Trump’s phone call with Zelensky came after US envoy Steve Witkoff met Russian leadership in Moscow earlier in the day for talks described by the Kremlin as “productive” — with Trump’s deadline looming to impose fresh sanctions over Russia’s war in Ukraine.
“Great progress was made!” Trump wrote on his Truth Social platform, adding that afterward he had briefed some European allies.
“Everyone agrees this War must come to a close, and we will work toward that in the days and weeks to come,” he said.
Minutes later, however, a senior US official said that “secondary sanctions” were still expected to be implemented in two days’ time.
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said Witkoff was returning with a ceasefire proposal from Moscow that would have to be discussed with Ukraine and Washington’s European allies.
He also cast caution on the timeline for a Trump-Putin meeting, saying there was “a lot of work ahead,” adding it could be “weeks maybe.”


Trump, who had boasted he could end the conflict within 24 hours of taking office, has given Russia until Friday to make progress toward peace or face new penalties.
Three rounds of Russia-Ukraine talks in Istanbul have failed to make headway on a ceasefire, with the two sides far apart in their demands.
Russia has escalated drone and missile attacks against its neighbor, a US and European Union ally, to a record high and accelerated its advance on the ground.
“A quite useful and constructive conversation took place,” Putin’s aide Yuri Ushakov told journalists, including AFP, after the three-hour meeting with Witkoff.
The two men exchanged “signals” on their positions, Ushakov said, without elaborating.
Zelensky confirmed his call with Trump and confirmed European leaders had taken part, although he did not name them.


Trump has voiced increasing frustration with Putin in recent weeks over Russia’s unrelenting offensive.
The White House has not officially outlined what action it would take against Russia, but Trump told reporters it plans to impose “a lot more secondary sanctions” targeting Russia’s key trade partners, possibly targeting China.
Earlier in the day he had ordered steeper tariffs on Indian goods over New Delhi’s continued purchase of Russian oil.
Without explicitly naming Trump, the Kremlin on Tuesday slammed “threats” to hike tariffs on Russia’s trading partners as “illegitimate.”
Russia’s campaign against Ukraine since February 2022 has killed tens of thousands of people, destroyed swaths of the country and forced millions to flee their homes.
Moscow has demanded that Ukraine cede more territory and renounce US and EU support if it wants the fighting to stop.
Kyiv is calling for an immediate ceasefire, and Zelensky last week urged his allies to push for “regime change” in Moscow.


The Witkoff visit came as Moscow-Washington tensions are running high.
Trump said he had ordered two nuclear submarines to be moved following an online row with former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, and that they were now “in the region.”
Moscow then said that it was ending a self-imposed moratorium on nuclear-capable intermediate-range missiles, suggesting that it could deploy such weapons in response to what it alleged were similar US deployments within striking distance of Russia.


UK pensioner, student arrested for backing Palestine Action

UK pensioner, student arrested for backing Palestine Action
Updated 07 August 2025

UK pensioner, student arrested for backing Palestine Action

UK pensioner, student arrested for backing Palestine Action
  • Pensioner Marji Mansfield never imagined she would end up suspected of terrorism for protesting against the banning of a pro-Palestinian group

LONDON: Pensioner Marji Mansfield never imagined she would end up suspected of terrorism for protesting against the banning of a pro-Palestinian group.
But the British grandmother was arrested on July 5 for joining a demonstration in support of Palestine Action just days after it was added to the UK government’s list of proscribed organizations.
“It’s a terrible shock to be accused of potentially being a terrorist,” said Mansfield, 68, who described herself as a “proud grandmother” of seven.
She “was never politically interested,” the former banking consultant from the southern town of Chichester told AFP. “I just worked hard, raised my family, lived an ordinary life.”
In early July, the UK government banned Palestine Action under the UK’s Terrorism Act, after activists broke into an air force base in England and damaged two aircraft.
Since then, the campaign group Defend Our Juries has organized protests around the country to challenge the ban, described as “disproportionate” by the United Nations rights chief.
More than 200 people have been arrested, according to Tim Crosland, a member of Defend Our Juries. They risk prison sentences of up to 14 years.
A new demonstration in support of the group, which was founded in 2020, is planned on Saturday in London. Organizers expect at least 500 people to turn up, and police have warned all demonstrators could face arrest.
People “don’t know what the nature of this group is,” interior minister Yvette Cooper has said, claiming that “this is not a non-violent group.”
But Palestine Action co-founder Huda Ammori has launched a court bid to overturn the ban and a hearing is set for November.
Mansfield has long supported the Palestinian people, but the start of the current war, sparked by Hamas’s attacks on Israel on October 7, 2023, galvanized her into action.
“When it started happening again ... it was the most horrible feeling, that children’s homes were being blown up, that their schools were being destroyed,” she said.
Hamas’s October 2023 attack on southern Israel resulted in the deaths of 1,219 people, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on official figures.
Israel’s subsequent campaign to eradicate the Palestinian militant group in Gaza has killed more than 60,000 people, also mostly civilians, according to figures from the Hamas-run territory’s health ministry, which are deemed reliable by the United Nations.
For Mansfield, the Palestine Action ban was the final straw, fueling her feelings that the government was silencing her political views.
The night before attending the July demonstration, Mansfield said she was “terrified.” But she did not change her mind.
Images on British media showed her being moved by several police officers after she refused to get up from the pavement. An 83-year-old woman was by her side.
Mansfield spent 12 hours in custody, and is now banned from parts of London, meaning she cannot visit some museums with her grandchildren as she would like to do.
“It was just ordinary people,” said Mansfield. “We came from all backgrounds ... we’re not terrorists.”
Alice Clark, a 49-year-old doctor, also does not regret attending the protest where she was arrested in London on July 19.
“Nobody wants to be arrested. I just feel that there’s a responsibility,” said Clark, who also accused the government of undermining “our civil liberties.”
Cooper said the ban on Palestine Action was “based on detailed security assessments and security advice.”
The ban says the group’s “methods have become more aggressive” by encouraging members to carry out attacks which have already caused millions of pounds in damage.
But Clark, a former volunteer for medical charity Doctors Without Borders, said she felt “growing disgust and horror” at the images of starving children in Gaza.
The 12 hours in custody after her arrest were a shock. If convicted, she risks losing her license to practice medicine.
“There were points where I was close to tears. But I think just remembering why I was doing it kind of helped me keep calm,” said Clark.
History student Zahra Ali, 18, was also arrested on July 19, before being released under supervision. None of the three women has been charged.
She is also appalled by the scenes from Gaza.
“The starvation in Gaza, it’s disgusting. And our government isn’t doing anything about that,” she told AFP.
Imagining herself in prison at 18 is “a big thing,” but “if people who are in their 80s can do it, then I can do it,” Ali said.
She also does not describe herself as an activist, but as “a normal person ... who decided that what our government is doing is wrong.”