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‘I bought their dream’: How a US company’s huge land deal in Senegal went bust

A donkey and cart drive past the African Agriculture's headquarters in Niéti Yone, northern Senegal, Monday, Dec. 9, 2024. (AP)
A donkey and cart drive past the African Agriculture's headquarters in Niéti Yone, northern Senegal, Monday, Dec. 9, 2024. (AP)
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Updated 02 April 2025

‘I bought their dream’: How a US company’s huge land deal in Senegal went bust

A donkey and cart drive past the African Agriculture's headquarters in Niéti Yone, northern Senegal, Monday, Dec. 9, 2024. (AP)
  • The failed project has undermined community trust, said herder Adama Sow, 74: “Before, we lived in peace, but now there’s conflict for those of us who supported them”

DAKAR, Senegal: Rusting pipes in a barren field and unpaid workers are what remain after a US company promised to turn a huge piece of land in Senegal — about twice the size of Paris — into an agricultural project and create thousands of jobs.
In interviews with company officials and residents, The Associated Press explored one of the growing number of foreign investment projects targeting Africa, home to about 60 percent of the world’s remaining uncultivated arable land. Like this one, many fail, often far from public notice.
Internal company documents seen by the AP show how the plans, endorsed by the Senegalese government, for exporting animal feed to wealthy Gulf nations fell apart.




Herders and farmers from left, Adama Sow, Oumar Ba and Daka Sow walk outside Niéti Yone, northern Senegal, Tuesday, Dec. 10, 2024. (AP)

At first glance, the landscape of stark acacia trees on the edge of the Sahara Desert doesn’t hold much agricultural promise. But in an age of climate change, foreign investors are looking at this and other African landscapes.
The continent has seen a third of the world’s large-scale land acquisitions between 2000 and 2020, mostly for agriculture, according to researchers from the International Institute of Social Studies in the Netherlands.
But 23 percent of those deals have failed, after sometimes ambitious plans to feed the world.




Union leader Doudou Ndiaye Mboup speaks to reporters in Niéti Yone, northern Senegal, Monday, Dec. 9, 2024. (AP)

Why target land on the edge of the Sahara Desert?
In 2021, the Senegalese village of Niéti Yone welcomed investors Frank Timis and Gora Seck from a US-registered company, African Agriculture. Over cups of sweet green tea, the visitors promised to employ hundreds of locals and, one day, thousands.
Timis, originally from Romania, was the majority stakeholder. His companies have mined for gold, minerals and fossil fuels across West Africa.




Rusting pipes stand in a barren field outside Niéti Yone, northern Senegal, Monday, Dec. 9, 2024. (AP)

Seck, a Senegalese mining investor, chaired an Italian company whose biofuel plans for the land parcel had failed. It sold the 50-year lease for 20,000 hectares to Timis for $7.9 million. Seck came on as president of African Agriculture’s Senegalese subsidiary and holds 4.8 percent of its shares.
Now the company wanted the community’s approval.
The land was next to Senegal’s largest freshwater lake, for which the company obtained water rights.
The proposal divided the community of subsistence farmers. Herders who had raised livestock on the land for generations opposed it. Others, like Doudou Ndiaye Mboup, thought it could help ease Senegal’s unemployment crisis.
“I bought their dream. I saw thousands of young Africans with jobs and prosperity,” said Mboup, who was later employed as an electrician and now leads a union of employees.
Despite the formation of an opposition group called the Ndiael Collective, African Agriculture moved ahead, hiring about 70 of the community’s 10,000 residents.
Stock exchange vision: One year later, almost worth nothing
After planting a 300-hectare (740-acre) pilot plot of alfalfa, the company announced in November 2022 it would go public to raise funds.
African Agriculture valued the company at $450 million. The Oakland Institute, an environmental think tank in the US, questioned that amount and called the deal bad for food security as well as greenhouse gas emissions.
The company went public in December 2023, with shares trading at $8 on the NASDAQ exchange. It raised $22.6 million during the offering but had to pay $19 million to the listed but inactive company it had merged with.
That payment signaled trouble to investors. It showed that the other company, 0X Capital Venture Acquisition Corp. II, didn’t want to hold its 98 percent of stock. And it highlighted the way African Agriculture had used the merger to bypass the vetting process needed for listing.
One year later, shares in African Agriculture were worth almost nothing.
Now, security guards patrol the land’s barbed-wire perimeter, blocking herders and farmers from using it. The company has been delisted.
Big ambitions leave big impacts for the local community
Mboup said he and others haven’t been paid for six months. The workers took the company to employment court in Senegal to claim about $180,000 in unpaid wages. In February, they burned tires outside the company’s office. Mboup later said an agreement was reached for back wages to be paid in June.
“I took out loans to build a house and now I can’t pay it back,” said Mboup, who had been making $200 a month, just above average for Senegal. “I’ve sold my motorbike and sheep to feed my children and send them to school, but many are not so lucky.”
Timis didn’t respond to questions. Seck told the AP he was no longer affiliated with African Agriculture. Current CEO Mike Rhodes said he had been advised to not comment.
Herders and farmers are furious and have urged Senegal’s government to let them use the land. But that rarely happens. In a study of 63 such foreign deals, the International Institute of Social Studies found only 11 percent of land was returned to the community. In most cases, the land is offered to other investors.
“We want to work with the government to rectify this situation. If not, we will fight,” warned Bayal Sow, the area’s deputy mayor.
The Senegalese minister of agriculture, food sovereignty and herding, Mabouba Diagne, did not respond to questions. The African Agriculture deal occurred under the previous administration.
The failed project has undermined community trust, said herder Adama Sow, 74: “Before, we lived in peace, but now there’s conflict for those of us who supported them.”
Former CEO announces acquisition in Cameroon and Congo
Meanwhile, African Agriculture’s former CEO has moved on to a bigger land deal elsewhere on the continent — with experts raising questions again.
In August, South African Alan Kessler announced his new company, African Food Security, partnering with a Cameroonian, Baba Danpullo. It has announced a project roughly 30 times the size of the one in Senegal, with 635,000 hectares in Congo and Cameroon.
The new company seeks $875 million in investment. The company’s investor prospectus, obtained by the AP, says it plans to register in Abu Dhabi.
In an interview with the AP in January, Kessler blamed the failure of the Senegal project on the way African Agriculture’s public offering was structured. He said there were no plans for a public offering this time.
He claimed his new company’s project would double corn production in these countries, and described African Food Security as the “most incredibly important development company on the planet.” He said they have started to grow corn on 200 hectares in Cameroon.
Experts who looked over the prospectus raised concerns about its claims, including an unusually high projection for corn yields. Kessler rejected those concerns.
“When he was CEO of African Agriculture, Kessler also made lofty claims about food production, job creation, exports and investment returns that did not pan out,” said Renée Vellvé, co-founder of GRAIN, a Spain-based nonprofit for land rights.
Hype without proof was a key strategy for African Agriculture, said its former chief operating officer, Javier Orellana, who said he is owed 165,000 euros ($178,000) in unpaid salary after leaving the company in 2023.
He told the AP he had been suspicious of the company’s $450 million valuation.
“I know the agriculture industry well and ($450 million) didn’t add up,” Orellana said, adding he stayed on because the company gave him what he called a very attractive offer.
In the end, a share in African Agriculture is now worth less than a penny.
“We are looking forward to going back to Senegal,” Kessler said. “We were appreciated there. We’ve been welcomed back there.”


Pentagon says Iraq mission being scaled back

Pentagon says Iraq mission being scaled back
Updated 34 sec ago

Pentagon says Iraq mission being scaled back

Pentagon says Iraq mission being scaled back
  • Under the plan, the US and its coalition allies would instead focus on combating Daesh remnants in Syria and shift most of their personnel to Iraq’s Kurdistan region to carry out that mission, the official says

WASHINGTON: The Pentagon recommitted itself in a statement on Tuesday to scaling back its military mission in Iraq, a process that a US official said will see Baghdad command efforts to combat remnants of Daesh inside its own country.
Under the plan, the US and its coalition allies would instead focus on combating Daesh remnants in Syria and shift most of their personnel to Iraq’s Kurdistan region to carry out that mission, the official said, speaking on condition of anonymity.
The US had approximately 2,500 troops in Iraq at the start of 2025 and more than 900 in neighboring Syria as part of the coalition formed in 2014 to combat Daesh as it rampaged through the two countries.
Once the transitions are completed, the total number of US forces in Iraq will number fewer than 2,000, and the majority of them will be in Irbil, the official said. A final number has yet to be determined, the official added, without offering a timeline.
US troops remaining in Baghdad will focus on normal bilateral security cooperation issues, not the counter-Daesh fight.
“Daesh is no longer posing a sustained threat to the government of Iraq or to the US homeland from Iraqi territory. This is a major achievement that enables us to transition more responsibly to Iraq leading efforts for security in their own country,” a senior defense official said.
The agreement is a boost for the government in Baghdad, which has long worried that US troops can be a magnet for instability, frequently targeted by Iran-aligned groups.
The US agreed last year with Iraq to depart the Ain Al-Asad air base in western Anbar province and hand it over to Iraq. The US official said that transition was still “in progress,” and declined to offer further information.
Although the Trump administration has outlined plans for a drawdown in Syria as well, the official said that was conditions-based and “we remain in kind of a status quo situation” at the moment.
The US is concerned about the persistent presence of Daesh fighters in Syria, and the risk that thousands being held in prisons could be freed.
Syria’s President Ahmed Al-Sharaa, a former Al-Qaeda leader, led rebel forces that overthrew Bashar Assad’s government last year. US President Donald Trump met him in Riyadh in May.
Middle East leaders and their Western allies have been warning that Daesh could exploit the political instability in Syria to stage a comeback there.


Trump calls for using US cities as ‘training ground’ for military in unusual speech to generals

Trump calls for using US cities as ‘training ground’ for military in unusual speech to generals
Updated 01 October 2025

Trump calls for using US cities as ‘training ground’ for military in unusual speech to generals

Trump calls for using US cities as ‘training ground’ for military in unusual speech to generals
  • “We should use some of these dangerous cities as training grounds for our military,” Trump says

QUANTICO, Virginia: President Donald Trump on Tuesday proposed using American cities as training grounds for the armed forces and spoke of needing US military might to combat what he called the “invasion from within.”
Addressing an audience of military brass abruptly summoned to Virginia, Trump outlined a muscular and at times norm-shattering view of the military’s role in domestic affairs. He was joined by Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, who declared an end to “woke” culture and announced new directives for troops that include “gender-neutral” or “male-level” standards for physical fitness.
The dual messages underscored the Trump administration’s efforts not only to reshape contemporary Pentagon culture but to enlist military resources for the president’s priorities and decidedly domestic purposes, including quelling unrest and violent crime.
“We should use some of these dangerous cities as training grounds for our military,” Trump said. He noted at another point: “We’re under invasion from within. No different than a foreign enemy but more difficult in many ways because they don’t wear uniforms.”
Hegseth called hundreds of military leaders and their top advisers from around the world to the Marine Corps base in Quantico without publicly revealing the reason. His address largely focused on long-used talking points that painted a picture of a military that has been hamstrung by “woke” policies, and he said military leaders should “do the honorable thing and resign” if they don’t like his new approach.
Though meetings between military brass and civilian leaders are nothing new, this gathering had fueled intense speculation about its purpose given the haste with which it was called and the mystery surrounding it. The fact that admirals and generals from conflict zones were summoned for a lecture on race and gender in the military showed the extent to which the country’s culture wars have become a front-and-center agenda item for Hegseth’s Pentagon, even at a time of broad national security concerns across the globe.
‘We will not be politically correct’
Trump is accustomed to boisterous crowds of supporters who laugh at his jokes and applaud his boasting. But he wasn’t getting that kind of soundtrack from the military leaders in attendance.
In keeping with the nonpartisan tradition of the armed services, the military leaders sat mostly stone-faced through Trump’s politicized remarks, a contrast from when rank-and-file soldiers cheered during Trump’s speech at Fort Bragg this summer.
Trump encouraged the audience at the outset of his speech to applaud as they wished. He then added, “If you don’t like what I’m saying, you can leave the room — of course, there goes your rank, there goes your future.” Some in the crowd laughed.
Before Trump took the stage, Hegseth said in his nearly hourlong speech that the military has promoted too many leaders for the wrong reasons, based on race, gender quotas and “historic firsts.”
“The era of politically correct, overly sensitive don’t-hurt-anyone’s-feelings leadership ends right now at every level,” Hegseth said.
That was echoed by Trump: “The purposes of America military is not to protect anyone’s feelings. It’s to protect our republic.″
″We will not be politically correct when it comes to defending American freedom,” Trump said.
Sen. Jack Reed, the top Democrat on the Senate Armed Services Committee, called the meeting “an expensive, dangerous dereliction of leadership” by the Trump administration.
“Even more troubling was Mr. Hegseth’s ultimatum to America’s senior officers: conform to his political worldview or step aside,” Reed said in a statement, calling it a “profoundly dangerous” demand.
Trump’s use of the military on American soil
Trump has already tested the limits of a nearly 150-year-old federal law, the Posse Comitatus Act, that restricts the military’s role in enforcing domestic laws.
He has sent National Guard and active duty Marines to Los Angeles, threatened to do the same to combat crime and illegal immigration in other Democratic-led cities, including Portland and Chicago, and surged troops to the US-Mexico border.
National Guard members are generally exempt from the law since they are under state authority and controlled by governors.
But the law does apply to them when they’re “federalized” and put under the president’s control, as happened in Los Angeles over the Democratic governor’s objections.
Trump said the armed forces also should focus on the Western Hemisphere, boasting about carrying out military strikes on boats in the Caribbean that he says targeted drug traffickers.
Loosening disciplinary rules
Hegseth said he is easing disciplinary rules and weakening hazing protections, focusing on removing many of the guardrails the military had put in place after numerous scandals and investigations.
He also said he was ordering a review of “the department’s definitions of so-called toxic leadership, bullying and hazing to empower leaders to enforce standards without fear of retribution or second guessing.”
He called for changes to “allow leaders with forgivable, earnest or minor infractions to not be encumbered by those infractions in perpetuity.”
“People make honest mistakes, and our mistakes should not define an entire career,” Hegseth said.
Bullying and toxic leadership have been the suspected and confirmed causes behind numerous military suicides over the past several years, including of Brandon Caserta, a young sailor who was bullied into killing himself in 2018.
A Navy investigation found that Caserta’s supervisor’s “noted belligerence, vulgarity and brash leadership was likely a significant contributing factor in (the sailor)’s decision to end his own life.”
Gender-neutral physical standards
Hegseth used the platform to slam environmental policies and transgender troops while talking up a focus on “the warrior ethos.”
The Pentagon has been told from previous administrations that “our diversity is our strength,” Hegseth said, calling that an “insane fallacy.”
Hegseth said the military will ensure “every designated combat arms position returns to the highest male standard.” He has issued directives for gender-neutral physical standards in previous memos, though specific combat, special operations, infantry, armor, pararescue and other jobs already require everyone to meet the same standards regardless of age or gender. The military services were trying to determine next steps and what, if anything, may need to change.
Hegseth said it is not about preventing women from serving.
“But when it comes to any job that requires physical power to perform in combat, those physical standards must be high and gender neutral,” he said. “If women can make it excellent, if not, it is what it is. If that means no women qualify for some combat jobs, so be it. That is not the intent, but it could be the result.”
Sen. Joni Ernst, an Iowa Republican who served in the Iraq War, said Hegseth was “appropriate” in suggesting that women should be expected to meet certain standards for the military.
“I’m not worried about that,” Ernst said. “There should be a same set of standards for combat arms. I think that’s what he probably was referring to.”
But Janessa Goldbeck, who served in the Marines and is now CEO of the Vet Voice Foundation, said Hegseth’s speech was more about “stoking grievance than strengthening the force.”
Hegseth “has a cartoonish, 1980s comic-book idea of toughness he’s never outgrown,” she said. “Instead of focusing on what actually improves force readiness, he continues to waste time and tax-payer dollars on He-Man culture-war theatrics.”
Hegseth’s speech came as the country faces a potential government shutdown this week and as he has taken several unusual and unexplained actions, including ordering cuts to the number of general officers and firings of other top military leaders.


Zelensky warns situation ‘critical’ as nuclear plant off grid for a week

Zelensky warns situation ‘critical’ as nuclear plant off grid for a week
Updated 01 October 2025

Zelensky warns situation ‘critical’ as nuclear plant off grid for a week

Zelensky warns situation ‘critical’ as nuclear plant off grid for a week
  • It is the longest outage at Zaporizhzhia since Russia invaded and seized the nuclear plant, Europe’s largest

KYIV, Ukraine: Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky on Tuesday said the Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant has been off the grid for seven straight days, warning of the potential threat of a “critical” situation.
He said one of the backup diesel generators used to maintain operations had “malfunctioned” and the blackout posed “a threat to everyone.”
It is the longest outage at Zaporizhzhia since Russia invaded and seized the nuclear plant, Europe’s largest.
“It has been seven days now. There has never been anything like this before,” Zelensky said in his daily address, adding: “The situation is critical.”
Moscow and Kyiv have repeatedly accused each other of risking a potentially devastating nuclear disaster by attacking the site and traded blame over the latest blackout.
“Due to Russian attacks, the plant has been cut off from its power supply and the electricity grid. It is being supplied with electricity from diesel generators,” Zelensky said.
Russia said last week the power plant — which it took control of in the first weeks of the war in 2022 — has been receiving backup power supply since an attack it attributed to Ukraine.
Zelensky accused Moscow of “obstructing the repair” of power lines through airstrikes, saying “this is a threat to absolutely everyone.”
The plant’s six reactors, which before the war produced around a fifth of Ukraine’s electricity, were shut down after Moscow took over.
But the plant needs power to maintain cooling and safety systems, which prevent reactors from melting — a danger that could set off a nuclear incident.
Since the start of the war, Zaporizhzhia has seen multiple safety threats, including frequent nearby shelling, repeated power cuts and staff shortages.
Located near the city of Energodar along the Dnieper river, the power plant is close to the front line.


Trump offers Milei White House visit in pre-election boost

Trump offers Milei White House visit in pre-election boost
Updated 30 September 2025

Trump offers Milei White House visit in pre-election boost

Trump offers Milei White House visit in pre-election boost
  • Meeting will take place two weeks before highly-anticipated mid-term elections in Argentina in October
  • The two leaders held talks last week on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York this month

BUENOS AIRES: US President Donald Trump will host Argentina’s Javier Milei for talks at the White House on October 14, according to the Argentine government, further boosting his ally after the announcement of a multi-billion-dollar US rescue package.
The meeting will take place two weeks before highly-anticipated mid-term elections in Argentina, which could hobble the right-wing Milei’s reform agenda.
Argentina’s government said Tuesday that the meeting, which will be the second in a month between Trump and Milei, will strengthen the “strategic alliance” between Washington and Buenos Aires.
The two leaders held talks last week on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York, after which US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced a $20 program of support to end a run on the Argentine peso.
The announcement of a $20 billion swap line — usually a currency swap between two central banks — helped the peso regain ground against the dollar, the currency in which Argentines save.
The rescue package outlined by Bessent also included the possible purchase of Argentine public debt and a direct credit line from the US Treasury, the amount and details of which remain unknown.
In an interview with A24 television channel on Tuesday, Milei — who was weakened by a stinging defeat in Buenos Aires provincial elections in early September — hailed an “unprecedented” show of support from Trump.
“If Argentina needs the funds, the United States will give us the money to service the debt,” he said, explaining the swap mechanism.
Argentina faces $4 billion in debt repayments in January and $4.5 billion in July 2026.
The serial debt defaulter negotiated a $20 billion loan with the International Monetary Fund in April, on top of the $44 billion it received in 2018 but later renegotiated.


Strong earthquake kills 31 people in a central Philippine region hit by deadly storm just days ago

Strong earthquake kills 31 people in a central Philippine region hit by deadly storm just days ago
Updated 01 October 2025

Strong earthquake kills 31 people in a central Philippine region hit by deadly storm just days ago

Strong earthquake kills 31 people in a central Philippine region hit by deadly storm just days ago
  • The earthquake was centered about 17 kilometers northeast of Bogo city in Cebu
  • Power went out in the Cebu province town of Daanbantayan

MANILA, Philippines: An offshore earthquake of magnitude 6.9 collapsed walls of houses and buildings late Tuesday in a central Philippine province, killing at least 31 people, injuring many others and sending residents scrambling out of homes into darkness as the intense shaking cut off power, officials said.
The epicenter of the earthquake, which was set off by movement in a local fault at a depth of 5 kilometers (3 miles), was about 19 kilometers (12 miles) northeast of Bogo, a coastal city of about 90,000 people in Cebu province where at least 14 residents died, disaster-mitigation officer Rex Ygot told The Associated Press by telephone.
The death toll in Bogo was expected to rise. Workers were trying to transport a backhoe to hasten search and rescue efforts in a cluster of shanties in a mountain village hit by a landslide and boulders, he said.
“It’s hard to move in the area because there are hazards,” Glenn Ursal, another disaster-mitigation officer told The AP, adding some survivors were brought to a hospital.
At least 12 residents, mostly belonging to small families, died when they were hit by falling ceilings and walls of their houses, some while sleeping, in Medellin town near Bogo, Gemma Villamor, who heads the town’s disaster-mitigation office, told The AP.
In San Remigio town, also near Bogo, five people, consisting of three coast guard personnel, a firefighter and a child, were killed separately by collapsing walls while trying to flee to safety from a basketball game that was disrupted by the quake, the town’s vice mayor, Alfie Reynes, told the DZMM radio network.
Reynes appealed for food and water, saying San Remigio’s water system was damaged by the earthquake.
Aside from houses in Bogo, the quake damaged a fire station and concrete and asphalt roads, firefighter Rey Cañete said.
“We were in our barracks to retire for the day when the ground started to shake and we rushed out but stumbled to the ground because of the intense shaking,” Cañete told The AP, adding that he and three other firemen sustained cuts and bruises.
A concrete wall in their fire station collapsed, Cañete said. He and fellow firefighters provided first-aid to at least three residents, who were injured by falling debris and collapsed walls.
Hundreds of terrified residents gathered in the darkness in a grassy field near the fire station and refused to return home hours after the earthquake struck in Bogo. Several business establishments visibly sustained damages and the asphalt and concrete roads where they passed had deep cracks, Cañete said, adding that an old Catholic church in Daanbantayan town near Bogo was also damaged.
Cebu Gov. Pamela Baricuatro said the extent of the damage and injuries in Bogo and outlying towns in the northern section of the province would not be known until daytime. “It could be worse than we think,” he said in a video message posted on Facebook.
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology briefly issued a tsunami warning and advised people to stay away from the coastlines in Cebu and in the nearby provinces of Leyte and Biliran due to possible waves of up to 1 meter (3 feet).
Teresito Bacolcol, director of the institute, said the tsunami warning was later lifted with no unusual waves being monitored.
Cebu and other provinces were still recovering from a storm that battered the central region on Friday, leaving at least 27 people dead mostly due to drownings and falling trees, knocking out power in entire cities and towns and forcing the evacuation of tens of thousands of people.
The Philippines, one of the world’s most disaster-prone countries, is often hit by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions due to its location on the Pacific “Ring of Fire,” an arc of seismic faults around the ocean. The archipelago is also lashed by about 20 typhoons and storms each year.