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Addressing water and land challenges at COP16

Addressing water and land challenges at COP16

Addressing water and land challenges at COP16
Agriculture consumes around 85 percent of º£½ÇÖ±²¥â€™s water. (Shutterstock)
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Standing on a rocky outcrop on the outskirts of Riyadh, the capital of º£½ÇÖ±²¥, one cannot help but be struck by the vast expanse of arid land that stretches endlessly to the horizon.

The rolling dunes and rugged terrain tell a story of resilience and adaptability. But behind this harsh beauty lies an urgent crisis. According to the World Bank, three-quarters of the region’s arable land is already degraded, and 60 percent of the population faces water scarcity — a figure that is expected to reach 100 percent by 2050.

Water scarcity and land degradation are not just environmental issues. They are existential threats to the Kingdom and beyond. With no natural rivers or lakes, º£½ÇÖ±²¥ relies heavily on groundwater and desalinated seawater.

Climate change is exacerbating this fragile balance, causing unpredictable rainfall, prolonged droughts and heat waves that deplete water resources faster than they can be replenished. At the same time, droughts are becoming more frequent and severe.

This is why º£½ÇÖ±²¥ recently joined the International Drought Resilience Alliance — a global coalition mobilizing resources to prepare for severe droughts — whose secretariat is hosted by the UN Convention to Combat Desertification.

The implications of this looming water crisis are profound. Agriculture, which consumes around 85 percent of º£½ÇÖ±²¥â€™s water, could face catastrophic disruption.

As water becomes scarcer, food security is threatened, and the livelihoods of those who depend on agriculture hang in the balance.

Severe desertification, where fertile land is reduced to barren landscape, further exacerbates food insecurity and economic instability.

The economic costs are staggering, with billions of dollars lost each year. In the Middle East alone, land degradation affects more than 50 million hectares, resulting in annual losses estimated at $9 billion.

This December, the importance of tackling land degradation and water scarcity will be in the global spotlight when º£½ÇÖ±²¥ hosts the UNCCD COP16 in Riyadh. The summit is shaping up to be the largest and most ambitious global forum on land and drought to date. 

Water scarcity and land degradation are not just environmental issues. They are existential threats to the Kingdom and beyond.

Ibrahim Thiaw

This pivotal moment, which also coincides with the 30th anniversary of the convention, is an opportunity for all nations to come together to develop sustainable solutions and demonstrate their commitment to land restoration.

Every year we lose 100 million hectares, an area the size of Mauritania. If current trends continue, we will need to restore 1.5 billion hectares by 2030 to achieve land degradation neutrality.

Around the world, countries are taking bold steps to restore land. In Africa, for example, the Great Green Wall initiative aims to restore 100 million hectares of degraded land in 20 countries by 2030, creating jobs and improving food security.

China’s Kubuqi Desert, once a storm-ravaged wasteland, has been transformed through reforestation, ecosystem restoration, organic farming, eco-tourism, green industry and solar energy, benefiting 102,000 local people and lifting many out of poverty.

Furthermore, the Middle East Green Initiative, a regional effort led by º£½ÇÖ±²¥, is set to plant 50 billion trees across the Middle East, revitalizing 200 million hectares of degraded land.

These initiatives, along with the Saudi Green Initiative, which aims to restore 40 million hectares of degraded land, illustrate the global commitment to tackling land degradation and water scarcity.

Through collaborative efforts and innovative solutions, there is hope that the challenges of water scarcity and desertification can be mitigated, ensuring a more sustainable future for the Kingdom, the broader Middle East, and beyond.

• Ibrahim Thiaw is the under-secretary-general and executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification.
 

Disclaimer: Views expressed by writers in this section are their own and do not necessarily reflect Arab News' point of view

What We Are Reading Today: The Ghana Reader

What We Are Reading Today: The Ghana Reader
Updated 9 min 12 sec ago

What We Are Reading Today: The Ghana Reader

What We Are Reading Today: The Ghana Reader

Editors: Kwasi Konadu, Clifford C. Campbell

“The Ghana Reader†provides historical, political, and cultural perspectives on this iconic African nation. 

Readers will encounter views of farmers, traders, the clergy, intellectuals, politicians, musicians, and foreign travelers about the country. 

With sources including historical documents, poems, treaties, articles, and fiction, the book conveys the multiple and intersecting histories of the country’s development as a nation and its key contribution to the formation of the African diaspora, according to a review on goodreads.com.


Bahraini crown prince affirms strategic ties with US in meeting with congressional delegation

Bahraini crown prince affirms strategic ties with US in meeting with congressional delegation
Updated 12 min 56 sec ago

Bahraini crown prince affirms strategic ties with US in meeting with congressional delegation

Bahraini crown prince affirms strategic ties with US in meeting with congressional delegation
  • Crown Prince of Bahrain Salman bin Hamad Al-Khalifa reiterated the country’s commitment to resolving crises through dialogue and diplomatic efforts

LONDON: Crown Prince of Bahrain Salman bin Hamad Al-Khalifa affirmed the importance of Manama’s strategic partnership with the US during a meeting with a congressional delegation at Gudaibiya Palace on Monday.

During the meeting with the delegation, led by Representative Bradley Schneider, the Bahraini crown prince, who is also the prime minister, said that the ties between Manama and Washington are built on mutually beneficial cooperation and longstanding agreements.

He referred to the Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement, which was signed in September 2023, as an example of the importance of further strengthening the two countries’ partnership.

During the meeting, recent regional and international developments, including the conflict between Israel and Iran, and their implications for security and stability, were discussed.

The crown prince reiterated Bahrain’s commitment to resolving crises through dialogue and diplomatic efforts, including the continuation of US-Iran nuclear negotiations.

He stressed the urgent need to resolve regional conflicts and highlighted the crucial role of the US, along with allied nations, in maintaining global peace and security, the Bahrain News Agency reported.


Saudi matchmaking app, Awaser, is helping individuals find partners by bridging tradition and modernity

Awaser remains firmly rooted in cultural and religious values. (Supplied)
Awaser remains firmly rooted in cultural and religious values. (Supplied)
Updated 33 min 16 sec ago

Saudi matchmaking app, Awaser, is helping individuals find partners by bridging tradition and modernity

Awaser remains firmly rooted in cultural and religious values. (Supplied)
  • Alolayan said: “The younger generation increasingly wants to take ownership of their marriage journey in terms of to get

JEDDAH: With digital innovation taking place at a rapid pace, Awaser, a mobile application developed in º£½ÇÖ±²¥, is at the forefront of a quiet transformation in the Kingdom’s matchmaking traditions.

It offers a modern approach to marriage, but remains firmly rooted in cultural and religious values.

Founded by psychiatrist Dr. Mohammed Alolayan, Awaser is not just a dating platform but a dedicated space for individuals and families with the intention of forming lasting marriages.

“There’s a clear need, and many people are ready to embrace technology, so long as it honors our values. Awaser allows them to do both.†(Supplied)

With features tailored to º£½ÇÖ±²¥â€™s cultural norms and a strong emphasis on privacy, the app introduces a respectful and structured alternative to traditional matchmaking.

Speaking about the inspiration behind creating the first app of its kind, Alolayan said: “As a trained psychiatrist, I’ve spent years exploring human psychology and understanding the deep emotional challenges people face, especially in midlife, around intimacy and the question of ‘Who should I be with?’

“Listening to countless stories from patients and online followers, I realized how difficult it is for many to find a suitable partner within the traditional framework. That’s what inspired me to create Awaser.â€

HIGHLIGHTS

• Awaser gives users the tools to search based on preferences unique to Saudi society, including regional origin, family background, education, sect, and tribal affiliation. 

• This approach blends technology with cultural traditions, creating a platform that speaks to both the younger generation and their families. 

Unlike typical matchmaking apps that rely on algorithms to suggest potential partners, Awaser gives users the tools to search based on preferences unique to º£½ÇÖ±²¥ society, including regional origin, family background, education, sect, and tribal affiliation.

This approach blends technology with cultural traditions, creating a platform that speaks to both the younger generation and their families.

Alolayan said: “Awaser does not offer matchmaking in the conventional sense. Instead, it elevates traditional matchmaking by making it more accessible and efficient.

Dr. Mohammed Alolayan

“It’s a platform that respects Saudi customs while empowering individuals and families to make informed choices.â€

One of the app’s most distinctive features is the ability for families to create and manage accounts on behalf of their children, a model that preserves the essence of traditional matchmaking while increasing the chances of finding a suitable match.

This family-first approach has resonated strongly with conservative users seeking to maintain trust throughout the process.

The app operates on a paid subscription model, which Alolayan believes ensures the quality and seriousness of its community. “We implemented a payment wall to ensure serious participation and prevent random or unserious users,†he said.

“Trust is crucial. That’s why users must verify with a Saudi mobile number and OTP (One-Time Password), and all communications are encrypted and automatically deleted after 30 days of inactivity.â€

Privacy is a key concern for users in º£½ÇÖ±²¥, particularly when it comes to online interactions between men and women.

Awaser addresses this by giving users complete control over their profiles and conversations, with no human intervention from the app’s management team. Conversations cannot begin without mutual consent, and all user data remains private and protected.

The platform currently focuses on Saudi nationals and residents, and has already had impressive engagement, especially from well-educated individuals.

“Around 30 to 40 percent of our users hold advanced degrees such as master’s or PhDs. While we expected high participation from major cities, we were pleasantly surprised to see users from nearly every region of the Kingdom,†he said.

Among the many success stories shared by users, one stands out for Alolayan: “A couple who met on Awaser married about a year and a half ago, and they recently welcomed their first child.

“Hearing that directly from them was incredibly moving, it validated everything we’ve been working toward.â€

In a culture where family involvement remains a cornerstone of the marriage process, launching a technology-driven platform presented unique challenges. But the public response,  Alolayan said, has been overwhelmingly positive.

“There’s a clear need, and many people are ready to embrace technology, so long as it honors our values. Awaser allows them to do both.â€

Umm Abdullah, a user of the app, said: “As a mother, I’ve seen how difficult it’s become to find suitable matches, and approaching someone as the bride’s parents is not very common in our culture, we usually wait for proposals to come.

“Apps like this give us the chance to actively search instead of just waiting. It feels more efficient, while still respecting our values.â€

Interestingly, Awaser also provides a space for non-traditional introductions between individuals, allowing for more autonomy in the relationship-building phase.

This dual approach supporting both traditional and independent searches reflects the evolving preferences of younger Saudis who want to play a more active role in choosing their life partners.

Alolayan said: “The younger generation increasingly wants to take ownership of their marriage journey in terms of to get to know their future partner before traditional steps begin.

“Awaser arrived at just the right time to meet this shift. It offers an alternative that feels modern yet grounded in cultural values.â€

Another user, Naser Al-Rahman, said: “It’s really hard these days to find a relationship that leads to something serious. Most platforms don’t feel safe or genuine.

“But with this app, I feel like I can search more conveniently and securely, knowing the people here are serious about marriage.â€

Although Awaser does not currently employ artificial intelligence to match users, Alolayan is open to future possibilities. “There is no proven psychological model for perfect matchmaking, which is why we don’t claim to match people ourselves.

“But I do see potential for AI and data analytics to provide smarter tools in the future, based on long-term user behavior.â€

As º£½ÇÖ±²¥ continues its Vision 2030 journey toward modernization and empowerment, platforms such as Awaser highlight how digital solutions can coexist with tradition.

Commenting on the legal and cultural implications of matchmaking platforms, family lawyer Hassan Al-Ghawi said: “Apps like these help bridge the gap between tradition and technology.

“As long as user privacy is protected and the legal framework is respected, they can serve as a positive and legitimate extension of traditional matchmaking.

“Today’s younger generation often rushes into relationships, so involving both parents and children in the process allows for deeper understanding and more thoughtful decisions, potentially leading to stronger, longer-lasting marriages and fewer divorces.â€

 


Deaf artist breaks barriers with solo debut in Jeddah

Elham Abu Talib, left, showcased more than 40 paintings at º£½ÇÖ±²¥n Society of Culture and Arts. (AN photo)
Elham Abu Talib, left, showcased more than 40 paintings at º£½ÇÖ±²¥n Society of Culture and Arts. (AN photo)
Updated 35 min 48 sec ago

Deaf artist breaks barriers with solo debut in Jeddah

Elham Abu Talib, left, showcased more than 40 paintings at º£½ÇÖ±²¥n Society of Culture and Arts. (AN photo)
  • Elham Abu Talib shares vision through her expressive works

JEDDAH: “It’s never too late to follow your dream,†says Elham Abu Talib, who has held her first solo exhibition in Jeddah after 38 years.

The Saudi artist is no stranger to the local art scene, having taken part in exhibitions across the Kingdom and overcome the barriers accompanying being severely deaf.

Titled “Inspiration,†the exhibition marked a milestone, presenting her work to the public while highlighting her artistic journey amid years of persistence. (AN photo)

And at the º£½ÇÖ±²¥n Society of Culture and Arts in Jeddah on Sunday, Abu Talib showcased more than 40 paintings to leading artists and lovers of the genre.

Titled “Inspiration,†the exhibition marked a milestone, presenting her work to the public while highlighting her artistic journey amid years of persistence.

HIGHLIGHT

Abu Talib hopes to represent the Kingdom in international competitions. She also hopes the arts society will continue supporting disabled and female artists by providing platforms for their creativity.

Her passion began in childhood, when natural talent blossomed into fine art shaped by a beautiful dream. She lost her hearing as a child and faced speech difficulties, but met her challenges with patience, courage, and ambition.

Determined to express herself, she used a brush and colors as her voice — turning her childhood dreams into vivid reality.

Titled “Inspiration,†the exhibition marked a milestone, presenting her work to the public while highlighting her artistic journey amid years of persistence. (AN photo)

She shared that hearing loss kept her from entering university, but her late father convinced her it did not mean giving up her ambitions.

Inspired by his words, she began participating in exhibitions while raising her children and fulfilling her duties as a mother.

She believes her disability has sharpened her visual perception — a gift she channels into her art.

“I’m so happy that, after 38 years, my dream has come true with this solo exhibition,†she said. “I thank the º£½ÇÖ±²¥n Society of Culture and Arts in Jeddah for giving me this opportunity.â€

Abu Talib hopes to represent the Kingdom in international competitions. She also hopes the arts society will continue supporting disabled and female artists by providing platforms for their creativity.

Maha Abdulhalim Radwi, secretary-general of the Radwi Art Prize, said the artist had finally achieved a major milestone, adding: “This event allowed her to showcase her unique perspective and creative talent to a wider audience, proving that art transcends communication barriers.â€

Mohammed Al-Subaih, the director general of the SASCA, said Abu Talib had dreamed of a solo exhibition for nearly four decades — and was now finally living that dream.

He added: “She’s participated with us in many workshops and group exhibitions; now it’s time to celebrate her first solo show.

“She deserves all the support and encouragement.â€

 


º£½ÇÖ±²¥ to participate in Beijing book fair

The aim is to boost the global reach of Saudi literature and create opportunities for Arabic content in the Chinese market. (SPA
The aim is to boost the global reach of Saudi literature and create opportunities for Arabic content in the Chinese market. (SPA
Updated 35 min 58 sec ago

º£½ÇÖ±²¥ to participate in Beijing book fair

The aim is to boost the global reach of Saudi literature and create opportunities for Arabic content in the Chinese market. (SPA
  • Saudi participation will include a strong institutional presence, with several government entities

RIYADH: The Literature, Publishing and Translation Commission will lead º£½ÇÖ±²¥â€™s participation in the Beijing International Book Fair from June 18 to 22.

This is part of the Saudi-Chinese Cultural Year 2025, reflecting the depth of the strategic partnership between the two states, and their shared goal to enhance cultural and intellectual exchange.

The initiative supports the commission’s efforts to represent the Kingdom in global cultural forums, promote Saudi literary achievements, and foster cooperation in literature, publishing, and translation.

It also aligns with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 reform plan, which positions culture as a pillar of development and a bridge for civilizational dialogue.

Saudi participation will include a strong institutional presence, with several government entities. The program features seminars, literary gatherings, and dialogue sessions to promote cultural exchange and build lasting partnerships in the literary field.

The aim is to boost the global reach of Saudi literature and create opportunities for Arabic content in the Chinese market.

The Kingdom was the guest of honor at the 2024 Beijing International Book Fair, where the commission presented a rich cultural program.

The events included seminars, artistic performances, and interactive activities that drew strong interest and strengthened cultural and intellectual ties between the two countries.